How to Configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting

 I can guide you through the process of configuring and verifying IPv4 addressing and subnetting. Let's assume you have a network with the following requirements:

• Network address: 192.168.1.0/24
• Subnets required: 4 subnets

Here's how you can configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting:

1. Subnetting:

To create 4 subnets from the network address 192.168.1.0/24, you need to borrow additional bits from the host portion of the address. Since we need 4 subnets, we need at least 2 bits (2^2 = 4). This gives us a subnet mask of /26 (24 + 2 = 26).

Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 (/26)

Subnet Bit Allocation:

• Subnet 1: 192.168.1.0/26
• Subnet 2: 192.168.1.64/26
• Subnet 3: 192.168.1.128/26
• Subnet 4: 192.168.1.192/26

2. Configuration:

You can configure these subnets on your routers and switches. Here's a basic example of how to configure a Cisco router interface:

bash
Router(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.192
Router(config-if)# no shutdown

Repeat this process for each subnet, adjusting the interface IP address accordingly.

3. Verification:

After configuring the addresses, you can verify the configuration using various commands. Here are a few examples:

• Show IP Interface Brief: This command displays the IP address configuration for all interfaces on the router.

  bash
  Router# show ip interface brief
  

• Ping Test: Use the ping command to verify connectivity between devices within the same subnet.

  bash
  Router# ping 192.168.1.2
  

• Show IP Route: This command displays the routing table, showing how the router is configured to route traffic between subnets.

  bash
  Router# show ip route
  

• Show IP ARP: This command displays the ARP table, showing the mappings between IP addresses and MAC addresses.

  bash
  Router# show ip arp
  

• Subnet Calculator: You can use a subnet calculator tool to verify that the subnetting is configured correctly and calculate the range of IP addresses for each subnet.

Additional Tips:

• Ensure that the subnet masks match across all devices within the same subnet.
• Double-check the IP addresses and subnet masks for accuracy.
• Use consistent naming conventions for interfaces to avoid confusion.

By following these steps and verification commands, you can effectively configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting in your network.